Groups

  • sudo groupadd -g 1002 mygroup to create a new group with -g to specify group id. -r can also be used for low group id for system level processes. 
    sudo usermod -a -G www-data
sudo chgrp -R www-data /var/www
sudo chmod -R g+w /var/www
sudo find /var/www -type d -exec chmod 2775 {} \;
sudo find /var/www -type f -exec chmod ug+rw {} \;
  • above to make sure a folder can only be accessed by a specific group.
  • sudo usermod -aG developers john - to add a user to a group.
  • newgrp user to refresh the updated group.
  • sudo useradd -m -d /home/subho -s /bin/bash -G standard,admin subho to add user subho with home location /home/subho, default shell as bash and add to group standard,admin.
  • sudo passwd subho to change or create password for user subho.